It was long reported that in accord with the divorce settlement, the Nobel Prize money had been deposited in a Swiss bank account for his wife Mileva Marić to invest for herself and their two sons, while she could only use the capital by agreement with Einstein. However, personal correspondence made public in 2006 shows that he invested much of it in the United States, and saw much of it wiped out in the Great Depression. Ultimately, however, he paid Marić more money than he received with the prize.

On November 12, 1913, Einstein was granted full membership in the Prussian Academy of Sciences. On March 28, 1933, he resigned membership, explaining in a letter to the academy that he did not want to be associated with the Prussian government of the time.

On November 12, 1919, the University of Rostock awarded an honorary doctorate of medicine (Dr. med. h.c.) to Einstein, on the occasion of its 500th anniversary and following a suggestion by Moritz Schlick. This is the only honorary doctorate he received from a German university.

In 1921, Einstein accepted a Doctor of Science degree from the University of Manchester. In addition to receiving the degree, Einstein gave a lecture in Manchester on June 9. 

In 1925 the Royal Society awarded Einstein the Copley Medal.

In 1926, he was awarded the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society.

In 1929, Max Planck presented Einstein with the Max Planck medal of the German Physical Society in Berlin, for extraordinary achievements in theoretical physics.

In 1931, he received the Prix Jules Janssen, In 1934 Einstein gave the Josiah Willard Gibbs lecture.

In 1936, Einstein was awarded the Franklin Institute’s Franklin Medal for his extensive work on relativity and the photo-electric effect.

Mount Einstein, a massive mountain in Alaska, was named in his honor in 1955.

The chemical element 99, einsteinium, was named for him in August 1955, four months after Einstein’s death.

2001 Einstein is an inner main belt asteroid discovered on March 5, 1973.

The United States Postal Service honored Einstein with a Prominent Americans series (1965–1978) 8¢ postage stamp.

In 1990, his name was added to the Walhalla temple for “laudable and distinguished Germans”, which is located in Donaustauf in Bavaria.

In December of 1999, TIME Magazine named Einstein the “Person of the Century”, ahead of Mahatma Gandhi and Franklin Roosevelt, among others. In the words of a biographer, “to the scientifically literate and the public at large, Einstein is synonymous with genius”. Also in 1999, an opinion poll of 100 leading physicists ranked Einstein the “greatest physicist ever”. A Gallup poll recorded him as the fourth most admired person of the 20th century in the U.S.

The International Union of Pure and Applied Physics named 2005 the “World Year of Physics” in commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the publication of the annus mirabilis papers.

In 2008, Einstein was inducted into the New Jersey Hall of Fame.

In 2018, Einstein was an inaugural inductee into the Royal Albert Hall’s Walk of Fame. In October 1933 he made a speech before a packed out British audience in the Hall on his fear of the looming crisis in Europe, and in recognition of this his name was among those viewed as “key players” in the building’s history.

The bust of Albert Einstein, installed in Mexico City’s Parque México, commemorates the 100th anniversary of the Armenian genocide.